Mitchell was born in 1925 into a wealthy Chicago family. She completed her studies at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago in 1947, and was awarded the Edward L. Ryerson Fellowship, which allowed her to travel to France for the first time. Several major solo exhibitions followed: at the Martha Jackson Gallery in New York, in 1968; the Everson Museum of Art (titled “My Five Years in the Country”) in Syracuse, New York, in 1972; her first retrospective, in 1974, at the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York; and a second retrospective at the Musée d’Art moderne in Paris, in 1982. Joan Mitchell died at the American Hospital of Paris, in 1992.